Taurine is a nonessential amino acid. It is produced in the liver from other amino acids.

Sources

Some foods rich in taurine include:

Brewer's yeast
Eggs
Dairy products
Fish
Red meat

Taurine may also be obtained through supplements and certain energy drinks.


Benefits

Taurine has been used in either prevention or treatment of various medical conditions, including the following:

Acute hepatitis
Alcoholism (particularly, alcohol withdrawal)
Blood clots
Congestive heart failure
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Ischemic heart disease
Manic depression (bipolar disorder)
Type 1 diabetes


Taurine also has additional benefits:

Antioxidant
Cell membrane upkeep
Component of bile (fat digestion, blood cholesterol level control)
Control of magnesium, potassium and sodium movement
Heart muscle strength
Heart rhythm stabilization
Immune system support


Deficiency

A taurine deficiency may occur when the body does not have sufficient amounts. Taurine deficiency can be caused by low cysteine or vitamin B6 levels. Some symptoms may include:

Anxiety
Cardiomyopathy
Epilepsy
Hyperactivity
Low brain function
Pathological lesions
Retarded growth
Retinal degeneration

Side Effects

Taurine is general considered safe when it is properly used in normal doses. Normal dosage is up to 6 grams per day, but may be less in some situations. Some chemotherapy medications may have interactions with taurine. Before using taurine, talk with a doctor or medical professional to learn about any other cautions or contraindications that may be present, and in particular regarding your situation.